home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
Text File | 1990-06-19 | 6.1 KB | 134 lines | [TEXT/pdos] |
- Human Interface Note #8
- _____________________________________________________________________________
-
- Note #9 Pop-Up Menus
-
- Written by: Scott Jenson & John Sullivan June 1990
- _____________________________________________________________________________
-
- A description of the new style of pop-up menus.
- _____________________________________________________________________________
-
-
- Introduction
-
- Pop-up menus have been around on the Macintosh since HFS (Hierarchical
- File System) was introduced in 1986, and their use became much more
- widespread after the addition of Toolbox support in 1987. It is
- surprising, then, that many Macintosh users have no idea what pop-up
- menus are and do not recognize them when they see them. The problem is
- that pop-up menus do not look sufficiently different from other
- Macintosh interface elements; the one-pixel drop shadow that
- differentiates pop-up menus from editable text fields has proven
- inadequate. This Note presents the new standard appearance for the pop-
- up menu in System Software 7.0 and also describes how the new appearance
- lends itself to some new uses that were previously impossible.
-
-
- Standard pop-up menus
-
- Previously, pop-up menus were displayed by surrounding the current value
- of the menu with a one-pixel rectangle and a one-pixel drop shadow to
- the right and bottom. The new standard appearance adds a downward-
- pointing black arrow, which is identical to the arrow that indicates
- that a menu is too long to fit on the screen and must scroll. All pop-
- up menus should now use this new style. Figure 1 shows a simple pop-up
- menu in both the old and new styles.
-
-
- |--------|| |----------||
- Baud: | 1200 || Baud: | 1200 \/ ||
- |========|| |==========||
- Old Style New Style
-
- Figure 1-Old-style and new-style pop-up menus
-
- Figure 2 shows an expanded view of the downward-pointing black arrow of
- this new-style pop-up menu.
-
- *********************************
- **
- ** **
- ** **
- ***** ********* **
- ** ** ******* **
- ** ** ***** **
- ** ** *** **
- ***** * **
- **
- **********************************
-
- Figure 2-FatBits view of new-style pop-up menu
-
- When the user clicks on the pop-up menu or its label text, the black
- arrow disappears and the menu pops up, and when the user releases the
- mouse button, the menu disappears and the black arrow is redrawn.
- Figure 3 illustrates the proper behavior of a pop-up menu when a user
- clicks on it.
-
- |----------||
- | 50 ||
- | 300 ||
- | 600 ||
- |--------|| +++++++|++++++++++||
- Baud: | 1200 || +Baud:+|+1200+++++||
- |========|| +++++++|++++++++++||
- | 2400 ||
- | 4800 ||
- | 9600 ||
- |==========||
-
- Figure 3-Pop-up menu before and during a mouse click
-
-
- Pop-up menus with editable text fields
-
- Sometimes it is useful to display a list of choices but still allow a
- user to enter or edit a choice that the application may not know in
- advance. One example is a font size field with an accompanying pop-up
- menu of commonly used sizes. The new standard pop-up menu appearance
- leads itself readily to this use, as shown in Figure 4.
-
- |-----|----|| |-----|+++++||
- Size: | 9 | \/ || Size: | 9 |+/9++||
- |-----|====|| |-----|+++++||
- | 10 ||
- | 11 ||
- | 12 ||
- | 14 ||
- | 24 ||
- |=====||
-
- Figure 4-Pop-up menu with an editable text field
-
- Note that as in standard pop-up menus, the black arrow disappears when a
- user clicks on it and reappears when a user releases the mouse button.
- Also note that an application should draw the pop-up menu so it
- automatically highlights the item that corresponds to the value in the
- edit text field; this technique prevents a quick click in the pop-up
- menu from accidently erasing the previous value.
-
- If a user enters a value in the edit text field that does not match any
- of the pop-up menu's items, then the pop-up menu should make that value
- the first item and separate it from the rest of the standard values with
- a gray line., as shown in Figure 5. This separation makes a clean
- distinction between common items, which are always available, and the
- user-entered value, which is only temporary. (In the case of the
- example in Figure 5, if the font size 13 had been inserted in order into
- the list, a subsequent selection of 10, or any other matching selection,
- would have removed it from the list.)
-
- |-----|----|| |-----|+++++||
- Size: | 13 | \/ || Size: | 13 |+/13+||
- |-----|====|| |-----|+++++||
- |-----||
- | 9 ||
- | 10 ||
- | 11 ||
- | 12 ||
- | 14 ||
- | 24 ||
- |=====||
-
- Figure 5-Pop-up menu with a non-matching edit text item
-